Have a look at the following consecutive pages and try to arrive at a diagnosis.
Then look at these consecutive pages
Here is another page from the...
I get sent a lot of these. If the patient has previously had video-EEG recordings, in most instances I feel confident about the nature of the seizures (epileptic versus non-epileptic and focal versus ...
Most of the time there should be little difficulty in distinguishing these, but sometimes there are waves which mimic sharp waves and spikes. Have a look at the following waves at F8 and M2
I...
I previously posted a technique to separate delta waves from preceding waveforms so that delta waves associated with background rhythms are not over-interpreted. A vaccine against overcalling
Sometim...
Background rhythms vary quite a lot from one person to the next.
If you count carefully, you will find 13 Hz rhythms primarily over the occipital regions of the above patient. These are re...
Consider the following page;
Although the discharges resemble spike-and-wave, if you look backwards or forwards in the top 2 channels, you will recognise similar sharply contoured waves. Thes...
A suggestion? The null hypothesis for people working in the field of epilepsy should be that "there is no epilepsy". The doctor is therefore required to disprove the null hypothesis. Yes, even for peo...
As is typical of these, the following example is better seen on the referential montage than on the bipolar montage:
To reiterate, as a general rule, avoid calling low amplitude sp...
Is the arrowed wave?
1. An electrostatic artefact in sleep
2. A generalised spike, primarily electro positive over the posterior head regions, during sleep
3. A very sharply contoured vertex wave
...Years ago, I taught myself the following trick to guard against calling delta waves in the temporal regions and elsewhere spike-and-wave. If you see something resembling the following and wonder wheth...
Have a look at the following few pages:
The following page is the bipolar representation of the above page:
In the above, the wave is seen at T6-T4 and is electro-negative, exc...
What do you make of the following discharge that appears on the following 2 sequential pages? Try and answer the question for yourself, before reading the comments right at the bottom.
...
